Combine values into a vector or list.
The c() function combines its arguments to form a vector. All arguments are coerced to a common type which is the type of the returned value. If the arguments are of mixed types, coercion follows the hierarchy NULL < raw < logical < integer < double < complex < character < list < expression.
c() is the most fundamental function in R for creating vectors, which are the basic data structure. It is recursive: if any arguments are themselves vectors, their elements are concatenated into the result.
| Name | Description | Optional |
|---|---|---|
... |
Objects to be concatenated. Can be any number of values, vectors, or lists. | No |
recursive |
If TRUE and arguments contain lists, the function descends into lists combining all elements. | Yes |
c(1, 2, 3) # 1 2 3
c("a", "b", "c") # "a" "b" "c"
c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE) # TRUE FALSE TRUE
c(1, "a") # "1" "a" (coerced to character)